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Everything, most recent first. 64 entries so far.
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Jun 1, 2026ToolsClaude Code is Anthropic's agentic coding tool — a CLI that reads your codebase, edits files, runs commands, and plugs into your dev environment. It is also one of those tools w...
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Jun 1, 2026ToolsOpenClaw — formerly Clawdbot — is one of the more interesting open-source AI agent projects to appear in the past year: a long-running process that runs on your own hardware, sp...
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Jun 1, 2026Neural NetworksAttention is the one mechanism that pulled neural networks out of recurrent dead-ends and into the modern era. Every modern language model — GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama — is some...
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May 31, 2026ToolsYou pick the same model in VS Code that you use in the Claude app, ask a similar question, and the editor's answer feels thinner. The usual conclusion — 'the IDE version must be...
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May 31, 2026ToolsArchitecture decisions are the ones you make in the first week of a project and then live with for years. This primer is the working engineer's introduction — what architecture ...
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May 30, 2026ToolsAn LLM reads text. Source code is text. So why isn't this trivial? Because raw .c files come with a preprocessor that has to be expanded before the code is meaningful, with #inc...
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May 29, 2026ToolsA 'skill' is the most underrated primitive in agent design: a folder of files — a SKILL.md, some examples, maybe a script — that tells the agent how to do one thing well. The fo...
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May 28, 2026ToolsThere are two different questions you can ask of any LLM-powered system: where did this answer come from, and how long will the model remember it. The first is about knowledge —...
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May 27, 2026ToolsThe companion to 'How LLMs See an Image.' Audio is more like text than you'd expect — a 1-D signal turned into a 2-D spectrogram, sliced into patches, and tokenized. Video is au...
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May 26, 2026ToolsThere is no version of GPT-4o, Claude, or Gemini that 'looks at' an image the way you do. The model is a transformer; it reads tokens. So every image you upload is quietly turne...
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May 25, 2026Machine LearningFor roughly a decade, XGBoost was the single algorithm most likely to win a Kaggle competition that did not involve images or natural language. It is still, on tabular data, the...
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May 24, 2026Motor ControlEvery modern electric vehicle is built around three electrical circuits that interact constantly but operate at very different voltages, currents, and timescales. This primer is...
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May 23, 2026ToolsCAN was designed by Bosch for early-1990s passenger cars and has, against all expectations, outlasted nearly every networking technology of its era. It runs the entire embedded ...
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May 22, 2026ToolsAI-assisted coding has changed the daily practice of engineering in ways the older how-to books haven't caught up with. This compendium is the long version of what I've learned ...
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May 21, 2026Neural NetworksAn interactive walkthrough of the thirteen ideas every neural-network practitioner reaches for — dataset splits, signal preprocessing, the bias–variance trade-off, gradient desc...
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May 20, 2026Neural NetworksThe long-form reference behind the interactive neural-networks primer. Eighteen entries — train/val/test splits, preprocessing pipelines, Savitzky–Golay smoothing, outlier metho...
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May 19, 2026Control SystemsA seven-act visual walkthrough of multi-agent control — from the simplest consensus problem (six agents averaging with their neighbors) to fully-heterogeneous containment, where...
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May 18, 2026Control SystemsNearly every dynamical system worth controlling is nonlinear. Nearly every tool we have — stability proofs, frequency analysis, MPC — is built for linear systems. Bernard Koopma...
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May 17, 2026Control SystemsContinuous-time control theory is taught in s-domain. Real control runs at a fixed sample rate on a microcontroller, in z-domain, with finite numerical precision and a one-sampl...
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May 15, 2026Control SystemsA fixed-gain controller is a promise that the plant you tuned against is the plant you'll meet in the field. When that promise breaks — drift, wear, operating-point change, unit...
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May 14, 2026Machine LearningEvery model in machine learning, every system identification routine, every adaptive controller has an optimization problem at its core. This reference walks through the algorit...
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May 13, 2026Control SystemsOptimal control gets taught as proofs and Riccati equations; in practice it lives or dies on tuning, discretization, conditioning, and whether your solver finishes in the sample...
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May 6, 2026RoboticsA visual primer on the three localization-and-mapping problems every mobile robot has to solve — pure localization, pure mapping, and the joint estimation problem (SLAM). Eight ...
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May 6, 2026RoboticsA visual primer on robot motion control — from path tracking on wheeled vehicles (pure pursuit, Stanley, MPC), through arm navigation (inverse kinematics, RRT-Connect), to aeria...
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May 5, 2026ToolsA field report from setting up an NVIDIA Jetson Orin Nano Super for AI development. NVMe migration, swap on a 1TB drive, GPU-aware Docker, MAXN power mode, and the small handful...
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May 4, 2026ToolsA 45-minute walkthrough for engineers who keep needing the terminal but never quite sat down to learn it. Five parts: what Linux even is, the file system, the essential commands...
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May 3, 2026Control SystemsA field manual on twelve practical techniques most control textbooks under-treat: Smith predictors, 2-DOF PID, anti-windup, feedforward, derivative filtering, cascade, gain sche...
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May 2, 2026Machine LearningAn interactive reference on regression — predicting continuous numbers from data. Nine algorithm families compared, four live demos, and an honest treatment of the data and metr...
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May 2, 2026RoboticsA primer on self-awareness — the quiet but startling fact that you know there is a you — and how the question is being taken up by roboticists trying to give machines a self-mod...
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May 1, 2026Control SystemsAn interactive notebook on the structural properties of linear state-space systems — controllability, observability, the Kalman decomposition, Luenberger observers, and Kalman f...
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Apr 30, 2026Machine LearningAn illustrated essay on support vector machines and their one-class variant — the maximum-margin hyperplane, soft margins, the kernel trick, and the surprising move that turns a...
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Apr 30, 2026Control SystemsAn interactive tour of classical compensator design. Pick a controller (P / PI / PD / PID / lead / lag / lead-lag), pick a plant, drag the parameters, and watch the Bode plot an...
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Apr 29, 2026Machine LearningA field guide to the six paradigms of machine learning — supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement, imitation, transfer, and the rapidly-merging boundaries between them. The mecha...
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Apr 28, 2026RoboticsHow a robot, a car, or a vacuum cleaner decides where to go and which way to get there — the principal families of path planning algorithms, with interactive figures you can tou...
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Apr 27, 2026Control SystemsAn interactive primer on system identification — the practical art of getting a working model of a real plant. Step tests, PRBS, transfer-function and state-space fitting, valid...
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Apr 26, 2026Control SystemsTen ideas that turn up almost every time a real controller meets a real plant — feedforward, time delay, Padé approximants, non-minimum phase, gain scheduling, the step response...
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Apr 25, 2026Control SystemsA field guide to filters — what they are, why classical electrical engineering spent decades designing them, and the seven chapters that take you from RC pairs through the bilin...
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Apr 24, 2026Control SystemsAn interactive primer on automotive diagnostics — UDS, the DTC structure, OBD, sessions and security, and what changes for the electrified powertrain. The protocol underneath ev...
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Apr 23, 2026RoboticsAn interactive primer on what a robot actually is — the geometry of reach, the closed-loop control underneath every motion, the sensing that lets it know what it's doing, and th...
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Apr 22, 2026Machine LearningA 22-chapter field guide to modern AI systems — tokenization, attention, LLMs, prompting techniques, RAG, agent frameworks, MCP, and the engineering considerations around them.
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Apr 21, 2026Control SystemsMonograph No. 4 of the diagnostics series. The gap between textbook FDI and deployed FDI — domain shift, certification, edge-deployment, fleet-scale digital twins, unlabeled ano...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningThe most pragmatic post in the field guide — the hyperparameters that almost always work, the order to debug a policy that won't learn, and the silent failures that cost days be...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningAlgorithms are maybe 30% of a successful RL robotics project. The other 70% is engineering: reward design, observation and action spaces, sim-to-real, learning from logged data,...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningIf you're a control engineer, this is the RL section written for you. Model-based RL learns dynamics and plans against them — 100× more sample-efficient than model-free on real ...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningEvery RL algorithm is secretly two algorithms sharing a body — one that exploits what it knows, one that explores for what it doesn't. This post covers the exploration methods t...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningFrom REINFORCE to PPO in one post — the policy gradient theorem, why its variance is ruinous by default, and the three tricks (baselines, critics, GAE) that make it work in prac...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningThe Bellman equations say what a value function satisfies; temporal-difference learning says how to estimate it from samples. One update rule, two algorithms (SARSA and Q-learni...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningEvery RL algorithm starts from the same place: write down the MDP. This post covers the formalism a control engineer actually needs — state, action, reward, the discount factor,...
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Apr 20, 2026Reinforcement LearningA practitioner-oriented field guide to reinforcement learning for control and robotics. Start here: the RL family tree, a five-question algorithm selector, and the rules of thum...
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Apr 19, 2026Machine LearningA working Bayesian optimization loop you can run in your browser. Watch Expected Improvement, UCB, and PI compete to find the minimum of a deceptive benchmark function — and rea...
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Apr 19, 2026Machine LearningClick, slide, and watch the posterior update. A working intuition for Gaussian Processes — from the one-sentence definition through the Cholesky math and the honest O(n³) scalin...
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Apr 17, 2026Control SystemsMonograph No. 3 of the diagnostics series. Remaining Useful Life, degradation modeling, health indicators, the uncertainty question, and the maintenance scheduling that uses all...
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Apr 15, 2026Control SystemsMonograph No. 2 of the diagnostics series. Passive vs active fault-tolerant control, reference governors, graceful degradation, and the stability question during the transition ...
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Apr 13, 2026Control SystemsMonograph No. 1 of a four-part series on diagnostics and fault-handling. The classical model-based methods (observers, parity, Kalman), the data-driven methods (residuals, class...
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Apr 12, 2026ToolsA practical guide for engineers shifting from Claude Desktop to GitHub Copilot in VS Code. The same model, a different room — the three modes, project knowledge, file handling, ...
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Apr 11, 2026ToolsAn interactive primer on CUDA for engineers comfortable with C but new to GPU programming. Twelve demonstrations covering thread hierarchy, memory model, warp execution, memory ...
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Apr 10, 2026ToolsTen ideas about the gap between 'works on my laptop' and 'survives in production' — correctness across environments, performance under real load, resilience and operability, and...
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Apr 9, 2026Control SystemsAn interactive primer on RUL prediction — four algorithm families compared on the same problem. Similarity matching against historical trajectories, ML regression on time-window...
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Apr 8, 2026ToolsTen ideas about software engineering that have nothing to do with code — what you're actually building, the human surface around it, trust and law and data, and the long tail of...
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Apr 7, 2026Machine LearningAn illustrated primer on survival analysis. Why time-to-event data is fundamentally different from regression. Censoring, hazard functions, Cox's elegant trick, and the neural e...
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Apr 6, 2026ToolsA 36-chapter reference monograph covering the working vocabulary of the modern software stack — JSON, APIs, regex, parsers, JSON Schema, ReAct, tokens, embeddings, RAG, BM25, Ta...
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Apr 5, 2026Machine LearningAn illustrated primer on the Isolation Forest — the anomaly-detection algorithm that flips the usual approach on its head. Five interactive figures showing isolation paths, the ...
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Apr 4, 2026Machine LearningAn illustrated primer on autoencoders and variational autoencoders. The bottleneck principle, what lives in the latent space, the variational reformulation that turned an unsupe...
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Apr 3, 2026Control SystemsAn interactive primer on the three classical tools of diagnostic reasoning — fault tree analysis, Bayesian network inference, and ranked hypotheses with priors. Three live figur...
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